Estudo da validade da escala de mensuração da Orientação a Longo Prazo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29149/mtr.v6i1.6409Palavras-chave:
Dimensões culturais, Hofstede, Escala de mensuração, Orientação de longo prazoResumo
A partir de questionamentos encontrados na literatura acerca da eficácia do modelo das dimensões culturais de Hofstede (1980), realizou-se um estudo empírico para verificar se o pressuposto de que os valores culturais mudarão, no mesmo tempo e na mesma direção. A pesquisa foi realizada junto a estudantes de graduação de Universidades em sete países (Brasil, Colômbia, Índia, Portugal, Romênia, Espanha e Turquia), obtendo-se 1.452 respostas válidas. A participação foi razoavelmente uniforme em relação à distribuição por gênero, com perfil etário jovem e elevado grau de escolaridade. Foram aplicados procedimentos recomendados para validação da escala de orientação de longo prazo de Bearden et al. (2006), com indicadores de ajuste e de validade do modelo replicado. A análise dos países pesquisados buscou analisar possíveis mudanças culturais nas coortes geracionais, a partir de dados colhidos em países que participaram do estudo original. Os resultados mostram que os escores da dimensão de orientação de longo prazo mudaram de forma significativa, colocando por terra o pressuposto da mudança no mesmo tempo e direção de Hofstede. Com isso, reforça-se a necessidade de atualizar e ajustar os conceitos apresentados na teoria. Desta forma, reveste-se de grande relevância acadêmica e gerencial a compreensão clara da cultura mundial e da sua natureza mutável, a fim de melhorar a precisão das perspectivas culturais, visando equipar o corpo discente e os gestores com o melhor conjunto de informações possíveis.
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