PROPRIEDADE FAMILIAR, COMITÊ DE AUDITORIA E HONORÁRIOS DE AUDITORIA: RELAÇÃO COM A AGRESSIVIDADE TRIBUTÁRIA

Autores

  • Fabiano de Castro Liberato Costa Universidade Regional de Blumenau
  • Thaisa Caroline Graupner Universidade Regional de Blumenau
  • Paulo Roberto da Cunha Universidade Regional de Blumenau

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22561/cvr.v36i1.8302

Palavras-chave:

Agressividade Tributária, Empresas familiares, Comitê de Auditoria, Honorários de auditoria

Resumo

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre propriedade familiar, comitê de auditoria, honorários de auditoria e agressividade tributária de empresas brasileiras listadas na B3. A amostra foi composta por 246 empresas, em um lastro temporal entre 2011 e 2020, perfazendo 2460 observações. Para mensurar a agressividade tributária, foram utilizadas as proxies Book-Tax Differences (BTD) e Tax Rate on Added Value (TRAV). Utilizou-se a técnica de regressão linear múltipla com coeficientes estimados pelo método MQO com efeitos fixos de ano e setor e erros-padrão robustos. Os achados apontam que a propriedade familiar está positivamente associada à agressividade tributária relacionada aos tributos diretos. Tal associação não foi encontrada para a TRAV, o que parece estar relacionado com a maior dificuldade que a família dominante tem para extrair a renda decorrente da economia dos tributos indiretos. Os resultados indicam ainda que a presença do comitê de auditoria e os honorários de auditoria estão negativamente associados à agressividade fiscal. Entretanto, a presença do comitê de auditoria em empresas familiares afeta apenas os tributos diretos, não exercendo qualquer efeito sobre a agressividade tributária dos tributos indiretos. O artigo tem implicações relevantes para o estudo da agressividade tributária, sugerindo que os gestores não adotam práticas tributárias agressivas de forma uniforme para todos os tributos, sendo que tributos com diferentes características econômicas apresentam diferentes incentivos a práticas agressivas. A iminente aprovação de uma reforma tributária do consumo também indica a relevância de se analisar a agressividade tributária dos tributos diretos e indiretos de forma segregada.

Referências

Armstrong, C. S., Blouin, J. L., Jagolinzer, A. D., & Larcker, D. F. (2015). Corporate governance, incentives, and tax avoidance. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 60(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2015.02.003

Armstrong, C. S., Blouin, J. L., & Larcker, D. F. (2012). The incentives for tax planning. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 53(1–2), 391–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2011.04.001

Anderson, R. C., Mansi, S. A., & Reeb, D. M. (2003). Founding family ownership and the agency cost of debt. Journal of Financial Economics, 68(2), 263-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(03)00067-9

Baioco, V. G., & Almeida, J. E. F. D. (2017). Efeitos do comitê de auditoria e do conselho fiscal na qualidade da informação contábil no Brasil. Revista Contabilidade & Finanças, 28, 229-248. https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x201703250

Balakrishnan, K., Blouin, J. L., & Guay, W. R. (2019). Tax aggressiveness and corporate transparency. The Accounting Review, 94(1), 45-69. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-52130

Beasley, M. S., Goldman, N. C., Lewellen, C. M., & McAllister, M. (2021). Board risk oversight and corporate tax-planning practices. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 33(1), 7-32. https://doi.org/10.2308/JMAR-19-056

Castro, W. B. de L., Peleias, I. R., & Silva, G. P. (2015). Determinantes dos Honorários de Auditoria: um Estudo nas Empresas Listadas na BM&FBOVESPA, Brasil. Revista Contabilidade & Financas, 26(69), 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x201501560

Chapman, C. S., Cooper, D. J., & Miller, P. (2009). Linking accounting, organizations, and institutions. In Chapman, C. S., Cooper, D. J., & Miller. P. (Eds.), Accounting, Organizations, and Institutions: Essays in Honour of Anthony Hopwood. (Ed. Online). Oxford Academic. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546350.003.0001

Chen, K.-P., & Chu, C. Y. C. (2005). Internal control versus external manipulation: a model of corporate income tax evasion. RAND Journal of Economics, 36(1), 151–164. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1593759

Chen, S., Chen, X., Cheng, Q., & Shevlin, T. (2010). Are family firms more tax aggressive than non-family firms? Journal of Financial Economics, 95, 41-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2009.02.003

Cheng, C. S. A., Huang, H. H., Yinghua Li, & Stanfield, J. (2012). The Effect of Hedge Fund Activism on Corporate Tax Avoidance. The Accounting Review, 87(5), 1493–1526. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-50195

Crocker, K. J., & Slemrod, J. (2005). Corporate tax evasion with agency costs. Journal of Public Economics, 89, 1593–1610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2004.08.003

Desai, M. A., & Dharmapala, D. (2006). Corporate tax avoidance and high-powered incentives. Journal of Financial Economics, 79(1), 145-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2005.02.002

Desai, M. A., & Dharmapala, D. (2009). Corporate tax avoidance and firm value. The review of Economics and Statistics, 91(3), 537-546. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest.91.3.537

Deslandes, M., Fortin, A., & Landry, S. (2020). Audit committee characteristics and tax aggressiveness. Managerial Auditing Journal, 35(2), 272–293. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-12-2018-2109

Donohoe, M. P., & Knechel, R. W. (2014). Does corporate tax aggressiveness influence audit pricing? Contemporary Accounting Research, 31(1), 284-308. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12027

Drake, K. D., Lusch, S. J., & Stekelberg, J. (2019). Does tax risk affect investor valuation of tax avoidance? Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 34(1), 151-176. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X17692674

Dyreng, S., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. (2008). Long-run corporate tax avoidance. The Accounting Review, 83(1), 61-82. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2008.83.1.61

Evert, R. E., Martin, J. A., McLeod, M. S., & Payne, G. T. (2016). Empirics in family business research: Progress, challenges, and the path ahead. Family Business Review, 29(1), 17-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486515593869

Fama, E., & Jensen, M. (1983). Separation of ownership and control. The Journal of Law and Economics, 26(2), 301-325. https://doi.org/10.1086/467037

Fan, J., & Wong, J. (2002). Corporate ownership structure and the informativeness of accounting earnings in East Asia. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(3), 401–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(02)00047-2

Gaaya, S., Lakhal, N., & Lakhal, F. (2017). Does family ownership reduce corporate tax avoidance? The moderating effect of audit quality. Managerial Auditing Journal, 32(7), 731-744. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-02-2017-1530

Gallemore, J., & Labro, E. (2015). The importance of the internal information environment for tax avoidance. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 60(1), 149-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2014.09.005

Hanlon, M., & Heitzman, S. (2010). A review of tax research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(2–3), 127–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2010.09.002

Hanlon, M., Krishnan, G. V., & Mills, L. F. (2012). Audit fees and book-tax differences. Journal of the American Taxation Association, 34(1), 55-86. https://doi.org/10.2308/atax-10184

Hanlon, M., & Slemrod, J. (2009). What does tax aggressiveness signal? Evidence from stock price reactions to news about tax shelter involvement. Journal of Public Economics, 93(1-2), 126-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2008.09.004

Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X

Kvaal, E., & Nobes, C. (2012). IFRS policy changes and the continuation of national patterns of IFRS practice. European Accounting Review, 21(2), 343–371. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638180.2011.611236

Landry, S., Deslandes, M., & Fortin, A. (2013). Tax aggressiveness, corporate social responsibility, and ownership structure. Journal of Accounting, Ethics & Public Policy, 14(3), 611-645. https://jaepp.org/index.php/jaepp/article/view/203

La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer, A. (1999). Corporate ownership around the world. The Journal of Finance, 54(2), 471–517. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00115

Martinez, A. L., Lessa, R. C., & Moraes, A. D. J. (2014). Remuneração dos auditores perante a agressividade tributária e governança corporativa no Brasil. Revista Contabilidade e Controladoria, 6(3), 8-18. https://doi.org/10.5380/rcc.v6i3.34593

Martinez, A. L., & Ramalho, G. C. (2014). Family Firms and Tax Aggressiveness in Brazil. International Business Research, 7(3), 129. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v7n3p129

Martinez, A. L. (2017). Agressividade Tributária: Um Survey da Literatura. Revista de Educação e Pesquisa em Contabilidade (REPeC), 11(0), 106–124. https://doi.org/10.17524/repec.v11i0.1724

Martinez, A. L., & Motta, F. P. (2020). Tax aggressiveness of government-controlled corporations in Brazil. Revista Contemporânea de Contabilidade, 17(43), 136–148. https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8069.2020v17n43p136

Marzuki, M. M., & Al-Amin, M. S. M. (2021). The effect of audit fees, audit quality and board ownership on tax aggressiveness: evidence from Thailand. Asian Review of Accounting, 29(5), 617-636. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-11-2020-0179

Miller, D., & Le Breton-Miller, I. (2006). Family governance and firm performance: Agency, stewardship, and capabilities. Family Business Review, 19(1), 73–87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2006.00063.x

Morck, R., & Yeung, B. (2003). Agency problems in large family business groups. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(4), 367-382. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.t01-1-00015

Randoy, T., & Goel, S. (2003). Ownership structure, founder leadership, and performance in Norwegian SMEs: implications for financing entrepreneurial opportunities. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(5), 619-637. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00013-2

Scholes, M., Wolfson, M., Erickson, M., Hanlon, M., Maydew, E., & Shevlin, T. (2016). Taxes and business strategy: A planning approach (5ª ed.). Pearson.

Siebels, J. F., & zu Knyphausen-Aufseß, D. (2012). A review of theory in family business research: The implications for corporate governance. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(3), 280-304. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00317.x

Simunic, D. A. (1980). The pricing of audit services: Theory and evidence. Journal of Accounting Research, 161-190. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490397

Singla, C., Veliyath, R., & George, R. (2014). Family firms and internationalization-governance relationships: Evidence of secondary agency issues. Strategic Management Journal, 35(4), 606–616. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2111

Slemrod, J. (2004). The economics of corporate tax selfishness. National Tax Journal, 57(4), 877–899. https://doi.org/10.3386/w10858

Sousa, A. M. D., Ribeiro, A. M., & Vicente, E. F. R. (2021). Impacto da troca de auditoria na comparabilidade dos relatórios financeiros. Revista Contabilidade & Finanças, 32(87), 413-428. https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x202111830

Steijvers, T., & Niskanen, M. (2014). Tax aggressiveness in private family firms: An agency perspective. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(4), 347–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.06.001

Villalonga, B., & Amit, R. (2006). How do family ownership, control and management affect firm value?. Journal of Financial Economics, 80(2), 385-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2004.12.005

Wang, F., Xu, S., Sun, J., & Cullinan, C. P. (2020). Corporate Tax Avoidance: a Literature Review and Research Agenda. Journal of Economic Surveys, 34(4), 793–811. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12347

Wilde, J. H., & Wilson, R. J. (2018). Perspectives on corporate tax planning: Observations from the past decade. The Journal of the American Taxation Association, 40(2), 63-81. https://doi.org/10.2308/atax-51993

Zheng, T., Jiang, W., Zhao, P., Jiang, J., & Wang, N. (2019). Will the Audit Committee Affects Tax Aggressiveness? Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management, 1313–1326. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93351-1_102

Publicado

2025-05-27

Como Citar

COSTA, F. de C. L.; GRAUPNER, T. C.; CUNHA, P. R. da. PROPRIEDADE FAMILIAR, COMITÊ DE AUDITORIA E HONORÁRIOS DE AUDITORIA: RELAÇÃO COM A AGRESSIVIDADE TRIBUTÁRIA. Contabilidade Vista & Revista, [S. l.], v. 36, n. 1, p. 32–58, 2025. DOI: 10.22561/cvr.v36i1.8302. Disponível em: https://revistas.face.ufmg.br/index.php/contabilidadevistaerevista/article/view/8302. Acesso em: 24 dez. 2025.